The assessment process involves the collection of evidence and making professional judgements on whether competency has been achieved as specified in an LMP or a vocational education and training (VET) accredited course and based upon qualifications and micro-credentials held. When a transitioning veteran applies to a higher education institution with a qualification, the HE RPL assessment team would determine whether the content and complexity of the VET qualifications and/or Defence training outcomes, as detailed in a LMP, support credit of HE course elements. A formal assessment process needs to include a set of documented policies and procedures (including assessment materials and tools) to ensure they are consistent and are based on established principles of assessment and the rules of evidence.

The assessment process is the final stage in confirming a learner has the skills and knowledge to perform an identified task. Before that can take place, the components of the LMP or accredited course need to be reviewed to identify all the requirements a learner needs to show to demonstrate the required competencies for the purposes of the HE RPL program. Multiple and varied assessment methods may be needed.

All RPL assessments undertaken for veterans in Defence are supported with detailed mapping minutes, provided to the members. These articulate what aspects of their service and employment/training history are used as evidence against the national skills standards in each qualification and micro-credential.